Franco's LRL ver_4046

[Geo]

Thank you.
What about bias of TR1???? there is not bias at base of it.
What do you connected there????
At my pcb every resistance between 68k...220k works ok, but without resistance TR1 (BC107) don't work.

[FrancoItaly]

Hi Geo,
TR1 is polarised by positive peak from square wave from VCO, C3 acts as high pass filter, but doesn't work if beta of TR1 is too less. The use of resistance is Ok.
Best Regards

[enjoykin4]

Geo sorry for delay !!


Some small hints......

simple stylys antenna give a wider range of detection. Kind of antialiasing "scalar" signals - while coil antenna give extremely sharp "PIN-POINT". Nice to show exactly point where to dig - if you can mount small Chinese hand laser pointer on it. I was made 3 Franco PLL4046 LRLs for my team. I was using "Franco lrl2.pdf" pcb layout but have some problems with PCB according to intentional or non intentional errors in PCB. For example one of errors - Pin 5 or CD4046 which is inhibit input control sygnal for VCO and SoureFollower must be grounded for proper working or 4046 or if HIGH Z state going into standby mode.

If not a problem upload your PCB artwork and oscillograph envelopes in important test points i will check it up.

In my oppinion the primary stuff in Franco artwork PASSSIVE SCALAR RECEIVER is NOT TO GO INTO SATURATION MODE OF INPUT STAGE (in sense) - some very small ammount of impulse signals from (VCO) Pin 3 and 4 CD4046 should go to primary oscilating circuit which is L1-C11-C10-C9-C8-Tr2 which DOES NOT SUPRESS "SCALAR" signal from your antenna (read like detecting gold or silver coins). Better way is very small amplitude of impulses via T1 than largest amplitude which are some kind of Phase noise for "Scalar" signal from nobble metals. Also, Franco coil antenna is a "strange" THING. Some kind of unbalanced bidirectional dipole. I have a lot ideas about many kind of Scalar antennas like for example Tesla coils, Caduceus Coil, Moebius coil, but need more data and information to analyse. http://www.berkanapath.com/radionics...l-mobius-coils.

For T1 use any NPN transistor with low H21e and usually value biasing resistor - but keep it mind it can work as Franco designed it in C-class only with positive square wave peaks from 4046. Orientational values for h21e T1 =20...80. Not to more.
Unless T1 - T2,T3,T4 must have as high h21e as possible but don not use Darlington pairs - for example MPSA13 or similar.

C13 and C15 shoud be for experiments variable trimmers or any parallel combination of variabile trimmer capacitor and fixed capacitor for fine adjustment. They make a part in transistor amplification stage by introducing of negative feedback in collector-emiter current. Much better variant than tuning with resistors. Ideally where shoud be transistros with metal case (4 th port output) which must be grounded to exactly one point. For electrical simmetry you need geometrical symmetry so placing of components is also very important. Look on the Franco design like VHF or UHF circuit design. Same rules like for high frequencies worth here.

If you can save and uploas envelopes of signals in most important points of Franco desgin. There id a lot of place for modernization and impruvements but not before we "CACTH" the minimum basic rules for "Phennomenon appereance".

I have some ideas for "Scalar Discrimination" but need a lot of further informations and dependencies. The main stuff which I looking for is some cross-correlation function betwen "Scalar" E-waves(+) and vector E-waves(+-) from oscillator. Some kind of quadraure detectors should be designed and tested here for active sniffers. I know how to make active sniffer for Scalar waves - in sense direct scalar conversion but with passive there are a lot of problems like spatial interferation of Scalar waves not only with receiver coil (sniffer) but also with biophysical environment. Scalar waves can change the atomic structure of organic and non-organic materials in some specific ways. Right hand spin and left hand spin scalar transmissions are totaly different stuffs. These fields were also known as Scalar Torsion filelds and leading military labs all over the planet earth working of it - of courcse for military purposes.

ps: I am thinking that behaviour of LRL in direct or reverse mode (rising or falling signals) when you touch antenna is in strong dependent with incoming of Scalar spin waves of wounded antennas. (left-hand or right hand wounded antennas have different behaviour).

reg.enjoykin4

[enjoykin4]

Signore Franco


will be very helpfull to Geo and all of us here at longrangelocators.com if you share with us working oscillogram envelopes of your PLL-LRL and Quarts-LRL and other LRL versons artwork - scalar sniffer designs. And of course some unconventional thoughts and unusual ideas for further improvements.

Best regards
Enjoykin4.

[Geo]

Hi Geo,
TR1 is polarised by positive peak from square wave from VCO, C3 acts as high pass filter, but doesn't work if beta of TR1 is too less. The use of resistance is Ok.
Best Regards

Yes, maybe BC108B that i used to has very low beta. Finally i connected a 150k from base to ground.

Regards

[Geo]

Hi Enjoy.. thanks for your tips.
I have attached my pcb at Franco's thread, look here ...http://www.longrangelocators.com/for...1&postcount=78
Now it seems to working ok (except a small problem that will write later) but if you need oscillograms i can upload.
For T1 i use a small beta transistor (Bc107B) and for other transistors i use BC547C.
For the time it works perfect but i don't know what will happened when will put it inside the shielded box. Some times shielded box "destroy" many things...

[Geo]

New Problem

Now lets see another problem.
LRL is not stable.
I adjust it so when i touch the antenna it beeps. After one or 2 minutes it needs readjusting because don't beep with antenna touch. It happens every 1 or 2 minutes.
For power supply i use 2 batteries 9V in series and a 7812 for stabilisation.
All the time that lrl works the voltage is between 12.225 and 12.230 V so believe that the problem is not the supply.
Also the Frequency is stable... changes 1Khz in 5 minutes. C2 is a simple ceramic but since frequency is stable i believe that it is ok.
Your opinion ......

Regards

[FrancoItaly]

Hi All,
enjoykin4 the explanation on the operation of my lrl is very accurate, you're a real expert.
I am always in Switzerland and I have no chance to post oscillograms of my LRL. As regards the stability all the lrl that I have realized are very stable, but sometimes it happened that the LRL was unstable, this is due to the fact that there is an spurious oscillation which overlaps the signal, try this: adjust the P2 slider to the +12V (to reset the signal on the base of TR2) and verifies that the point X there is no signal, You may do this with the scope but often the measure clears the oscillations, a more secure method is measuring the DC output of the pin 2 of CD4046, I recall should be zero. If there is signal at point X must decrease the amplification lowering the value of C13-C15.
Best Regards

[Geo]

Hi Franco.
I have checked it a previous time and here is n't any oscillation, but i don't lose anything to check it again...

Regards

[enjoykin4]

Thank you Signore Franco !!

In fact I am not EE (electronics engineer) - only the ordinary physicist - forever pupil of Mother Nature !!

[enjoykin4]

Hello Mr. Geo

Thank you for your pcb layout.

I think the only thing who will happend when you put LRL in shielded box will be the shielding of transversal EM waves and noise.

If you touch antenna and LRL boost signals (make beeps) - he is working in reverse mode.

About spurious oscillations i think they were related to noise caused by environmental noise.
Franco PLL-LRL is very sensitive to presence of human body near L1-C11-C10-C9-C8-Tr2.

If you find again oscillations try to lower 150k resistor from base of Tr1 to ground at 47K-68K.

[FrancoItaly]

Hi Geo,
The instability is also in open air? On the desk of my laboratory the LRL was unstable, but further away about 60cm became stable. I think the reason was the proximity of the wires carrying 220V mains. Also the connection from point X to pin 14 of CD 4046 it may cause oscillations. I think that the better solution is a double side pcb with the bottom side ground connected, also connection point X - pin 14 it must be on bottom side. With only one side pcb it very easy to get spurious oscillations.
Best Regards

[enjoykin4]

Geo some hints about instability !!

Make connection from collector Tr4 (point X) to C18 4,7nF to pin 14 CD4046 use short 50 oms coaxial cable RG50U. Outer shield on ground - inner wire from Tr4 to CD4046 will be enough to stop spurious oscillations. Also if you can put a copper strip over CD4046 - glue it and ground strip at one side. PLL4046 is excellent transmitter at 3 MHz. Ideally it should be placed in grounded metalc case.

If you can upload oscillograms here in your thread. Will be fine for all other people who make this excellent Franco PLL-LRL.

Reg.
Enjoykin4

[Geo]

Hi all.
Today i did n't check it because i was busy.
Maybe tommorow but i am not sure if my lrl oscillates. When it will work properly will try to attach here oscillograms of every stage.

Regards

[Geo]

For Franco....

Maybe next week to cross Italy. Will you be there or in Switzerland???